How to remove write protection from USB drives. Today I encountered a problem with my external USB hard drive. 330 Replies to “Solution to remove Write Protection from USB Pen Drive”. I have a 8GB Gernade Flash Drive that “became write-protected” as I was in the middle of transferring data. I have tried many solutions, but I have no idea what. Find out how you can enable the write protection of USB devices that you connect to a Windows PC. Any USB related tools. SyMenu is a Start Menu replacer that provides you with the ability to quickly organize your portable applications, it can be installed in. You're all finished for the day. Suddenly, your USB drive throws up a Write Protection error. Where did it come from? More importantly, how can you fix it? If you want to know how to remove write protection from USB drive in Windows 7 then read this guide and get 5 possible solutions! My usb pot is not working, always asking the write protection so please help me. After connecting the USB drive, I received the error: The disk is write- protected. Remove the write- protection or use another drive. The problem: The disk is write- protected. The solutions. Check your cables, is the drive connected properly? In my case, the problem was fixed quickly. I checked the cables first and noticed that the drive was not connected properly. Once it was connected properly again, I was able to write to my USB drive again. Note: I was able to read the drive, even although it was not connected properly. Is the drive actually write- protected? ![]() Open the Windows Explorer (Windows key +E) and right- click on your USB drive and click on Properties. Go to the tab Security and click on Edit. Select your username and check if you have Write permissions. If you don’t, check the option “Full” for full permissions or “Write” for write permissions: 3. Search for a “lock switch”Some USB drives and USB sticks have a switch that allows you to lock a hard drive and prevent ANY changes. Please read your handbook or examine the USB drive, SD card or USB stick closely. If you can find the switch, you can easily unlock and remove the write protection from your drive. Modify a registry key Storage. Device. Policies. The last solution that you might want to try after creating a backup of your registry. Step Click Start, type regedit. ENTER. 2. Step Go to the following registry key: HKEY. Step Search for a key Write. Protect. 4. Step If there is such a key change the value to “0”. Step Repeat the same for ALL HKEY. Can’t find (3)? Create a registry key Storage. Device. Policies. If you can’t find the key Storage. Device. Policies in step (3) you have to create it manually. Right- click HKEY. Step Enter the name Storage. Device. Policies. Step Click on the new registry key Storage. Device. Policies and on the right pan right- click, select New > DWORD and give it the name Write. Protect. 4. Step Double click on it and set its value to 0. Last resort: Format your USB drive. If you still receive the error that you have to remove write protection first, I would try to connect the USB drive to another PC and see if the problem remains. As a last resort, you might want to copy the data on your drive or stick to another USB drive and then format the write- protected drive. After formatting the USB drive the write protection will be gone. How To Protect USB Drive From Virus When Attached To Infected Computer. Have you ever attached a USB to a computer and later found out that the drive is infected by a virus? I have definitely faced this situation many times. If you attach your USB drive to the infected computer the virus is transferred to the drive in no time infecting all the important documents in USB drive too, depending on the nature of the virus you may loose important data from the USB drive and never recover them back. But there is a solution to protect your USB drive from virus infection when it is connected to already infected computer. If you make your USB drive into non writable mode then any kind of data can’t be written to it which means that if a virus infected computer is going to transmit any virus to drive, it won’t be able to because USB drive is write protected. Write Protect Switch. Certain USB flash drives comes with write protector switch in them, using which you can write protect the USB flash / pen drive or make them read only drives. If the write protect feature is missing in the USB flash / pen drive then you can use USB Write Protector utility. Thumb. Screw. Thumbscrew is a freeware application that lets you write protect your USB drive so that virus, Malware, Trojan or any kind of infection from host computer would not be able to write anything on your USB. Now right click the system try icon and choose Make USB read only. This would make the USB drive write protected which makes it completely protected from infections to to spread onto your drive. USB Write Protector. USB Write Protector is another free utility that allows you make write protect your USB flash / pen drives just like Thumbscrew mentioned above. This is a very small utility that you can always carry with you in your portable drive. By these applications your pen drive would be protected on that shared system but it is still recommended for you to use a quality antivirus software, and keep it updated regularly. Editor’s note: I am currently using AVG antivirus, and my readers prefer NOD3. So you can use any one of them.
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Configurar Mi Router Wifi Belkin ExtenderIP and Router Troubleshooter. IP address, usually used in local networks. It is a private IPv. ADSL and cable modems. Mostly this IP address is used by 2. Wire routers, Alcatel ADSL modems, Thompson ADSL routers, 3. Com routers, ADSL Billion routers, SRW2. Linksys switches, some TP- Link routers, Westell ADSL modems and Cayman/Motorola Netopia internet gateways. In our case this IP is the login for router web control panel. With this control panel you can change various settings, such as wireless password, WIFI channel, firewall or even QOS if your router has it. To login to your device management control panel simply follow this link: http: //1. If your router has different IP, simply type its address in your browser address bar. FAQ and Troubleshooting. What is the common usage of 1. IP? As stated above it’s commonly used as a private IP address for large number of different router models from different vendors. Basically there are limited number of IP addresses available, so the IT guys figured out too reserve certain number of IP addresses for local networks. This one is one of those. It’s only available for your local network in this case for your router inside network. Router has one more IP address which is the public IP assigned by your internet provider. How to access my router web control panel using this IP? If your router is using 1. ![]() IP then simply open your internet browser, type the “1. Your router will ask for a username and password. Consult router manual to see what is the default username and password. Router IP typed into Opera browser address bar. Configurar Mi Router Wifi Belkin RouterI lost the manual. Can’t find username and password? Try some of these combinations: Username: admin. Hola amigos, encontre esto en internet y realmente me soluciono el problema del Router/modem de fibertel! Belkin Connect N150 Wireless N Router Specifications and Features. Belkin Connect N150 Wireless N Router is ideal for basic web functions like browsing, instant. We know how important it is to stay safe online so FileHippo is using virus scanning technology provided by Avira to help ensure that all downloads on FileHippo are. Password: admin. Username: root. Password: admin. We also maintain list of default usernames and passwords for various routers and you can find it in the sidebar. My IP 1. 92. 1. 68. I can’t open it by typing it into browser)If your router is not working and you can not access it by typing its address into browser window, then here are few things you should try before contacting tech support or your network administrator. Now try figuring these: Did you tried steps above? Is your computer virus free? Can you connect to any other router? Los routers de Belkin tienen una página de configuración basada en la Web que permite al usuario personalizar la configuración y configurar las funciones avanzadas. Estimados señores de ONO, tengo un router WIFI, que lo tengo tener conectado con un cable al ordenador, tambien tengo la WII, pero no la puede conectar al WIFI, y. Tutoriales informatica, Tutoriales sobre Hardware, Tutoriales sobre Software, Tutoriales de configuración, Tutoriales sobre Seguridad, Tutoriales sobre Grabación. ![]() Try opening command prompt and type ping 1. If ping do not yield results, go further bellow. If other computers can’t connect to your router, then check the following: Are cables (if wired router) between your router and computer in good condition? Are connectors on cables between your router and computer in good shape? As some of you might have recognized via the press the FCC intends router makers to lock down their devices to prevent users from changing RF settings to operate a. Paso 1 Abra el navegador web e ingrese la dirección IP del dispositivo en la barra de direcciones (por defecto es 192.168.1.1). Presione Intro. Paso 2 Ingrese el. Recent Posts. The Physics Of Where To Put a Wi-Fi Router; Wi-Fi Security – The Rise and Fall of WPS; Is Marius Milner the unnamed google engineer? Are you sure that you are typing correct WIFI password if it is wireless router in question? Are there any other router/switches connected to your router, if switch gets broken it can disrupt whole network. Connect directly to your switch/router then try again. Did you changed some router settings before connection lost, if yes try resetting router to fabric settings and setting your computer to acquire IP address from router. If nothing helps then your router might have malfunction. Best thing would be to call a professional for help or replace the router. I changed router password and everything works, but my Windows is not offering to enter new one? If you changed password, Windows operating system will ignore your new password and try to connect to your WIFI network constantly with old password. This will go on, until you delete existing network settings, or until you change wireless network name. To delete existing network settings, on a windows computer go to Control Panel - > Network and Sharing Center - > Manage wireless networks, select your network and delete it. Now try connecting again and inserting correct password. If this is happening on your Android or i. OS smart phone, simply select forget option on a wifi selection menu. You need to check router manual for detailed instructions, but in most routers you need to login to it’s web control panel (by typing router address into browser window) and navigate to LAN setting to change address of router into needed one. You will also need to go to DHCP settings and insert new address pool range which correspond to your newly inserted router address IP. Change IP dialog for TP Link WR 5. G WIFI router. Why is 1. IP address? 1. 92. IP address since it fits into IP range which is reserved from IANA as a private range. That is done to bypass lack of available IP address. Basically your router gets an public IP and then all devices behind the router get private IP address. This way you can have hundreds of machines going outside your network and all of them will have same IP for outsiders. En ocasiones lo que se desea es permitir la apertura de los puertos para una mayor velocidad, mientras que otras veces lo que deseamos es administrar nuestra propia red. Por ello, enlazamos con una serie de manuales que dan soluci. Todos se pueden encontrar en el Portal de Configuraci. Si deseas entrar ya en Portal Alejandra, directamente accede a la configuraci. Este es tu manual.- C. Recuerda que tambi. Puedes consultar tambi! Consulta nuestras ofertas y servicios sobre. Free CV Builder, Free Resume Builder, CV Templates Examples. Free Resume Creator that you can use to create as many resumes as you need then print it, post it or send it from anywhere in the world, make it complete with a free. 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![]() ![]() ![]() Electric President - Insomnia Lyrics. There's a light bulb dangling from string. It's slowly swaying up over my head now. As I jot down the words that'll never be sung. And wait for my headache to numb. And the wind sounds as if the world's sighing. And the moon's just a torn fingernail. As the TV flickers and hums by the wall. And I wait for my eyesight to fade. So, So, So. It's so damn slow. So, So, So. It's so damn slow. And the bright- eyed choke on ambition. And the old folks circle their graves. And the young ones are busy destroying their names. And you're still just wasting away. I sit and watch the screen for a message. Some kinda sign that says we're OKBut the screen stays blank till I turn the thing off. And wait for my conscience to break. So first of all, Welcome! Along the way, there were enough songs that didn’t fit within the length of each album, which I collected into a series called The. Transmission Services. The installation of foundations, lattice steel, tubular steel, wood pole structures, conductor and fiber optic ground wire and cables is PAR’s core expertise. Electric President- The Violent Blue- 2010 An incredibly warm and beautiful album from the fantastic band that is Electric. Check out Electric President's other albums S/t and Sleep Well. So, So, So. It's so damn slow. So, So, So. It's so damn slow. I hope you're learning to listen. And I hope you're learning to stay. And I hope you find what you're missing. And I hope that you're making you're way. ![]() I'm a headcase if I don't keep moving. And my head hurts if I don't sit still. Mission president:file search results 1 - 50 of 8288. But Amigo Energy has put together solutions for you that will protect your budget while providing reliable electrical service to your home, fighting the rising electricity rates in Texas. It's an itch that I'll never stop scratching. It's a hole that I'll never quite fill. Grant The Unlikely Hero. Michael Korda - Ulysses S. ![]() Grant: The Unlikely Hero. Grant was a man who managed to end the Civil War on a note of grace, and was the only president between Andrew Jackson and Woodrow Wilson to serve eight consecutive years in the White House. The son of an Ohio tanner, he has long been remembered as a brilliant general but a failed president whose second term ended in financial and political scandal. But now acclaimed, bestselling author Michael Korda offers a dramatic reconsideration of the man, his life, and his presidency. Grant is an evenhanded and stirring portrait of a flawed leader who nevertheless ably guided America through a pivotal juncture in its history. DOWNLOAD(Buy premium account for maximum speed and resumming ability). Downloads – Readers are Leaders. Tel: 0. 51 4. 51 1. Shop 1. 3 Pretty Gardens Lifestyle Centre. C/O Du Plessis and Faan Ferreira Avn. Langenhoven Park. ![]() Bloemfontein. Free State. ![]()
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Windows Vista starts to load and then things go. Maybe your computer endlessly restarts on the Windows loading screen. Maybe you. get a BSOD (Blue Screen Of Death) instead of a welcome screen.. Something is. badly wrong with your operating system and you need to get work done. You take. the computer to a local PC service center and they say the only sure way to fix. ![]() Windows Vista. The only problem with that is you'd lose all. First of all - Don't Panic. The answer to. All of this is done through the most useful of all. Windows Safe Mode option. Safe mode is a method of loading. Vista boot. Most software will not work in the Vista safe- mode, which is. The Three Safe Modes of Windows. Vista As you will see, there are three distinct Safe Mode types. Windows Vista; 'safe mode', 'safe mode with networking' and 'safe. Let's outline the differences and capabilities of each version first, and then we'll tell. Safe Mode, and why it is such a. As detailed above, a minimal set of hardware drivers is loaded on. Windows XP: Fix Startup / Shutdown Problems. Windows XP: How to Troubleshoot and Fix Shutdown, Restart/Reboot, Powerdown and General PC Startup Problems. ![]() How to Disable Startup Applications Using the Shift Key. One way you can simplify your configuration is to disable startup applications. By holding down the Shift key. This guide explains how to boot into Safe Mode for the following Windows versions: Windows XP, Vista, 7, 8 and 8.1 About the Safe Mode In Safe Mode. It's always a good idea to start Windows XP in safe mode if you're installing a new piece of hardware. This gives you the chance to install the drivers required for. ![]() Is this caused by a motherboard failure? Safe Mode is run by pressing the F8 key repeatedly at system startup to bring up the boot menu options, which include SM, before Windows starts to load into normal mode. Safe Mode with Networking allows web access if the computer is connected to the web, which is handy to run online antivirus scanners, download device drivers, etc. Shutdown problems in Windows XP are most commonly caused by what is know in computer circles as legacy hardware – old technology components and peripherals that are not Plug and Play (Pn. P) devices – and software- compatibility issues. Slow shutdowns are mostly caused by having too many programs loaded that have to be terminated during the shutdown process, many of which are usually loaded at startup. To disable starup programs in Win. This post explains how to disable startup programs in Windows 8/7/Vista/XP by configuring Windows Startup folders or using MSCONFIG system configuration utility. Windows 8 The standard way of pressing F8 to start Safe Mode was removed to make Windows 8 boot faster. So, pressing F8, Shift+F8, and other variations of this. I found this regarding Mcafee Virus Scan 8.5 : How to disable McAfee Virusscan 8.5? I hope it's relevant to your McAfee product: By default, the copy of Mcafee Virus. XP, enter msconfig in the Start => Run box and open the Startup tab in the System Configuration Utility that comes up. Removing a check mark in the box in front of a startup program disables it and vice versa enables it. Most of the programs are easily identifiable from their entries. The entry (or entries) with the name ctfmon should be left as well as Print. Disp, which has to do with printing. If an anti- virus scanner is named, it should be left or the scanner might not be ctively monitoring the system after startup. If you need help, software, such as the free Soluto, download site – http: //download. It monitors the startup and determines which background programs are essential and which are not, displaying its findings and informing the user what should be left alone, what is safe to remove from the boot process and what can be chosen to remove. Soluto can do quite a bit of other PC maintenance and management, so it is worthwhile having. After you install a new hardware device or new software, Windows XP may restart continuously or you may receive an error message on a blue screen. If your computer was shutting down,but all of a sudden it won’t shut down properly, or it restarts during the shutdown, if you installed any new software or device drivers, remove the software via Add/Remove Programs in the Control Panel, or use the Roll Back Driver feature in the Device Manager (right- click My Computer, click Properties, click the Hardware tab, and find the device, double- click on its entry and open its Driver tab) to restore the old driver. If you discover that a driver is the cause of the problem, try downloading and installing the latest driver for the device from its manufacturer’s site. If you installed any new hardware immediately before the problem occurred, obtain the latest driver file available for it in the same way. If the device still causes the problem with the latest driver installed, try a different make and model. The following MS Knowledge Base article discusses with how to deal with startup and restart problems caused by device drivers. How to troubleshoot hardware and software driver problems in Windows XP –https: //support. Most of that information in that article also applies to subsequent versions of Windows. If you are having these problems in a version of Windows (Vista/Win. Win. 8. 1) and you are finding it difficult to apply the information, try entering the search query How to troubleshoot hardware and software driver problems followed by the version of Windows you are using in a web- search engine. DEFISIENSI UNSUR HARAKEKURANGAN UNSUR HARA PADA TANAMANDefisiensi atau kahat unsur hara adalah kekurangan meterial (bahan) yang berupa makanan bagi tanaman untuk melangsungkan hidupnya. Kebutuhan tanaman akan unsur hara berbeda- beda tergantung dari jenis tanamannya, ada jenis tanaman yang rakus makanan dan adapula yang biasa saja. Jika unsur hara dalam tanah tidak tersedia maka pertumbuhan tanaman akan terhambat dan produksinya menurun. Kita sebagai petani tidak mungkin mengecek kandungan hara tanah setiap saat untuk mengetahui ketersediaan unsur hara tersebut, salah satu upayanya adalah dengan mengetahui gejala defisiensi unsur hara pada tanaman. Gejala Defisiensi Unsur Hara Pada Tanaman. Nitrogen (N)Gejala kekurangan nitrogen ditandai dengan warna daun berubah menjadi hijau muda kemudian menjadi kuning sempurna, jaringan daun mati dan mengering berwarna merah kecoklatan. Pembentukan buah tidak sempurna, kecil- kecil, kekuningan, dan masak sebelum waktunya. Cara penanganan kekurangan unsur nitrogen adalah dengan menambahkan pupuk kimia berupa urea (N=4. ZA (N=2. 1%), KNO3, NPK serta pupuk daun kandungan N tinggi. Fosfor (P)Gejala kekurangan fosfor ditandai dengan warna bagian bawah daun terutama tulang daun merah keunguan, daun melengkung, dan terpelintir (distorsi). Tepi daun, cabang dan batang juga berwarna ungu. Kekurangan unsur ini menyebabkan terhambatnya sistem perakaran dan pembuahan. Cara penanganan kekurangan unsur fosfor adalah dengan menambahkan pupuk kimia SP3. Kekurangan unsur hara Besi (Fe) Defisiensi (kekurangan). Reaksi unsur hara mikro di dalam tanah pada setiap jenis tanah.
P=3. 6%), NPK, MKP serta pupuk daun kandungan P tinggi. Kalium (K)Gejala kekurangan kalium ditandai dengan mengerutnya daun terutama daun tua meski tidak merata, tepi dan ujung daun menguning yang kemudian menjadi bercak coklat. Bercak daun ini akhirnya gugur, sehingga daun tampak bergerigi dan akhirnya mati. Buah yang terbentuk tidak sempurna, kecil, kualitas jelek dan tidak tahan simpan. Cara penanganan kekurangan unsur kalium adalah dengan menambahkan pupuk kimia KCl (K=5. ![]() NPK, MKP, serta pupuk daun kandungan K tinggi. Sulfur (S)Gejala kekurangan sulfur ditandai dengan warna daun muda memudar (klorosis), berubah menjadi hijau muda, kadang- kadang tampak tidak merata, menguning atau keputih- putihan. Pertumbuhan tanaman terhambat, kerdil, berbatang pendek, dan kurus. Cara penanganan kekurangan unsur sulfur adalah dengan menambahkan pupuk kimia ZA (S=2. Phonska (S=1. 0%), serta pupuk daun yang mengandung unsur S. Kalsium (Ca)Gejala kekurangan kalsium ditandai dengan pertumbuhan kuncup yang terhenti dan mati, pertumbuhan tanaman lemah dan merana, tepi daun muda mengalami klorosis, buah muda banyak yang rontok dan masak sebelum waktunya, warna buah kurang sempurna. KEKURANGAN UNSUR HARA PADA TANAMAN Defisiensi atau kahat unsur hara adalah kekurangan meterial (bahan). Cara penanganan kekurangan unsur mikro adalah dengan menambahkan pupuk organik yang tinggi.Unsur Hara Mikro Unsur Hara Mikro yaitu unsur hara yang diperlukan tanaman. Gejal defisiensi hara mikro ini antara lain. Unsur Hara Mikro Unsur hara yang diperlukan tanaman dalam jumlah kecil. Gejal defisiensi hara mikro ini antara lain : pertumbuhan terhambat pada jaringan meristematik (pucuk akar), mati pucuk (die back), mobilitas rendah. Kelebihan P menyebabkan penyerapan unsur lain terutama unsur mikro seperti besi (Fe), tembaga(Cu), dan seng(Zn) terganggu. Kekurangan unsur hara Kalium (K) Defisiensi/kekurangan Kalium memang agak sulit diketahui. ![]() ![]() Cara penanganan kekurangan unsur kalsium adalah dengan menambahkan kapur dolomite (Ca=3. Ca=9. 0%), serta pupuk kalsium kandungan Ca 8. Magnesium (Mg)Gejala kekurangan magnesium ditandai dengan daun tua yang semula hijau segar berubah menjadi kekuningan dan tampak pucat. Diantara tulang- tulang daun terjadi klorosis, warna berubah menguning dan terdapat bercak- bercak berwarna kecoklatan, sedangkan tulang daun tetap berwarna hijau. Cara penanganan kekurangan unsur magnesium adalah dengan menambahkan pupuk kimia kieserite, kapur dolomite (Mg=1. Mg. Unsur Mikro. Besi (Fe). Gejala kekurangan besi ditandai dengan warna kuning pada daun- daun muda, pertumbuhan tanaman terhambat, daun berguguran dan mati pucuk, tulang daun yang berwarna hijau berubah kekuningan kemudian memutih, pertumbuhan tanaman seolah terhenti. Boron (B). Gejala kekurangan boron ditandai dengan tepi daun mengalami klorosis mulai dari bawah daun kemudian mengering dan akhirnya mati. Pada tanaman bercabang, ruas tanaman memendek, batang keropos, pembentukan cabang tumbuh sejajar berdampingan. Tembaga (Cu). Gejala kekurangan tembaga ditandai dengan daun berwarna hijau kebiru- biruan, ujung daun secara tidak merata ditemukan layu, terkadang terjadi klorosis meski jaringannya tidak mati, pertumbuhan tanaman kerdil dan gagal membentuk bunga. Mangan (Mn). Gejala kekurangan mangan ditandai dengan pertumbuhan tanaman kerdil, daun berwarna kekuningan atau kemerahan, jaringan daun di beberapa tempat mati, serta biji yang terbentuk tidak sempurna. Seng (Zn). Gejala kekurangan seng ditandai dengan daun tua berwarna kekuningan atau kemerahan, daun berlubang, mengering dan akhirnya mati. Molibedenum (Mo). Gejala kekurangan molibdenum ditandai dengan warna daun memudar, keriput dan mengering, pertumbuhan tanaman seolah terhenti dan akhirnya mati. Cara penanganan kekurangan unsur mikro adalah dengan menambahkan pupuk organik yang tinggi, pemberian pupuk organik cair untuk pemupukan susulan, serta penyemprotan pupuk daun dengan kandungan mikro lengkap. Unsur Hara Dalam Tanah (Makro dan Mikro)Beberapa Unsur Hara Yang Dibutuhkan Tanaman : Karbon (C), Hidrogen (H), Oksigen (O), Nitrogen (N), Fosfor (P), Kalium (K), Kalsium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Belerang (S), Besi (Fe), Mangan (Mn), Boron (B), Mo, Tembaga (Cu), Seng (Zn) dan Klor (Cl). Unsur hara tersebut tergolong unsur hara Essensial. Berdasarkan jumlah kebutuhannya bagi tanaman, dikelompokkan menjadi dua, yaitu: Unsur Hara Makro. Unsur hara yang diperlukan tanaman dalam jumlah besar. Unsur Hara Mikro. Unsur hara yang diperlukan tanaman dalam jumlah kecil. Unsur Hara Makro. Unsur hara makro meliputi: NPKCa. Mg. SUnsur Hara Mikro. Unsur hara mikro meliputi : Fe. Mn. BMo. Cu. Zn. Cl. Fungsi Unsur Hara Makro (n- p- k)Banyak para hobiis dan pencinta tanaman hias, bertanya tentang komposisi kandungan pupuk dan prosentase kandungan N, P dan K yang tepat untuk tanaman yang bibit, remaja atau dewasa/indukan. Berikut ini adalah fungsi- fungsi masing- masing unsur tersebut : Nitrogen ( N )- Merangsang pertumbuhan tanaman secara keseluruhan- Merupakan bagian dari sel ( organ ) tanaman itu sendiri- Berfungsi untuk sintesa asam amino dan protein dalam tanaman- Merangsang pertumbuhan vegetatif ( warna hijau ) seperti daun- Tanaman yang kekurangan unsur N gejalanya : pertumbuhan lambat/kerdil, daun hijau kekuningan, daun sempit, pendek dan tegak, daun- daun tua cepat menguning dan mati. Phospat ( P )- Berfungsi untuk pengangkutan energi hasil metabolisme dalam tanaman- Merangsang pembungaan dan pembuahan- Merangsang pertumbuhan akar- Merangsang pembentukan biji- Merangsang pembelahan sel tanaman dan memperbesar jaringan sel- Tanaman yang kekurangan unsur P gejaalanya : pembentukan buah/dan biji berkurang, kerdil, daun berwarna keunguan atau kemerahan ( kurang sehat )Kalium ( K )- Berfungsi dalam proses fotosintesa, pengangkutan hasil asimilasi, enzim dan mineral termasuk air.- Meningkatkan daya tahan/kekebalan tanaman terhadap penyakit- Tanaman yang kekurangan unsur K gejalanya : batang dan daun menjadi lemas/rebah, daun berwarna hijau gelap kebiruan tidak hijau segar dan sehat, ujung daun menguning dan kering, timbul bercak coklat pada pucuk daun. UNSUR HARA MIKRO YANG DIBUTUHKAN TANAMANUnsur hara mikro yang dibutuhkan tanaman dalam jumlah kecil antara lain Besi(Fe), Mangaan(Mn), Seng (Zn), Tembaga (Cu), Molibden (Mo), Boron (B), Klor(Cl). Berikut tuilsan dari Setio Budi Wiharto (0. PN) dari UGM Jogjakarta. A. Besi (Fe)Besi (Fe) merupakan unsure mikro yang diserap dalam bentuk ion feri (Fe. Fe. 2+). Fe dapat diserap dalam bentuk khelat (ikatan logam dengan bahan organik). Mineral Fe antara lain olivin (Mg, Fe)2. Si. O, pirit, siderit (Fe. CO3), gutit (Fe. OOH), magnetit (Fe. O4), hematit (Fe. O3) dan ilmenit (Fe. Ti. O3) Besi dapat juga diserap dalam bentuk khelat, sehingga pupuk Fe dibuat dalam bentuk khelat. Khelat Fe yang biasa digunakan adalah Fe- EDTA, Fe- DTPA dan khelat yang lain. Fe dalam tanaman sekitar 8. Penyerapan Fe lewat daundianggap lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan penyerapan lewat akar, terutama pada tanaman yang mengalami defisiensi Fe. Dengan demikian pemupukan lewat daun sering diduga lebih ekonomis dan efisien. Fungsi Fe antara lain sebagai penyusun klorofil, protein, enzim, dan berperanan dalam perkembangan kloroplas. Sitokrom merupakan enzim yang mengandung Fe porfirin. Kerja katalase dan peroksidase digambarkan secara ringkas sebagai berikut: a. Catalase : H2. O + H2. O O2 + 2. H2. Ob. Peroksidase : AH2 + H2. O A + H2. OFungsi lain Fe ialah sebagai pelaksana pemindahan electron dalam proses metabolisme. Proses tersebut misalnya reduksi N2, reduktase solfat, reduktase nitrat. Kekurangan Fe menyebabakan terhambatnya pembentukan klorofil dan akhirnya juga penyusunan protein menjadi tidak sempurna Defisiensi Fe menyebabkan kenaikan kaadar asam amino pada daun dan penurunan jumlah ribosom secara drastic. Penurunan kadar pigmen dan protein dapat disebabkan oleh kekurangan Fe. Juga akan mengakibatkan pengurangan aktivitas semua enzim. B. Mangaan (Mn)Mangaan diserap dalam bentuk ion Mn++. Seperti hara mikro lainnya, Mn dianggap dapat diserap dalam bentuk kompleks khelat dan pemupukan Mn sering disemprotkan lewat daun. Mn dalam tanaman tidak dapat bergerak atau beralih tempat dari logam yang satu ke organ lain yang membutuhkan. Mangaan terdapat dalam tanah berbentuk senyawa oksida, karbonat dan silikat dengan nama pyrolusit (Mn. O2), manganit (Mn. O(OH)), rhodochrosit (Mn. CO3) dan rhodoinit (Mn. Si. O3). Mn umumnya terdapat dalam batuan primer, terutama dalam bahan ferro magnesium. Mn dilepaskan dari batuan karena proses pelapukan batuan. Hasil pelapukan batuan adalah mineral sekunder terutama pyrolusit (Mn. O2) dan manganit (Mn. O(OH)). Kadar Mn dalam tanah berkisar antara 3. Bentuk Mn dapat berupa kation Mn++ atau mangan oksida, baik bervalensi dua maupun valensi empat. Penggenangan dan pengeringan yang berarti reduksi dan oksidasi pada tanah berpengaruh terhadap valensi Mn. Mn merupakan penyusun ribosom dan juga mengaktifkan polimerase, sintesis protein, karbohidrat. Berperan sebagai activator bagi sejumlah enzim utama dalam siklus krebs, dibutuhkan untuk fungsi fotosintetik yang normal dalam kloroplas,ada indikasi dibutuhkan dalam sintesis klorofil. Defisiensi unsure Mn antara lain : pada tanamanberdaun lebar, interveinal chlorosis pada daun muda mirip kekahatan Fe tapi lebih banyak menyebar sampai ke daun yang lebih tua, pada serealia bercak- bercak warna keabu- abuan sampai kecoklatan dan garis- garis pada bagian tengah dan pangkal daun muda, split seed pada tanaman lupin. C. Seng (Zn)Zn diserap oleh tanaman dalam bentuk ion Zn++ dan dalam tanah alkalis mungkin diserap dalam bentuk monovalen Zn(OH)+. Di samping itu, Zn diserap dalm bentuk kompleks khelat, misalnya Zn- EDTA. Seperti unsure mikro lain, Zn dapat diserap lewat daun. Kadr Zn dalam tanah berkisar antara 1. Zn dalam tanaman berkisar antara 2. Mineral Zn yang ada dalam tanah antara lain sulfida (Zn. S), spalerit . Fungsi Zn antara lain : pengaktif enim anolase, aldolase, asam oksalat dekarboksilase, lesitimase,sistein desulfihidrase, histidin deaminase, super okside demutase (SOD), dehidrogenase, karbon anhidrase, proteinase dan peptidase. Juga berperan dalam biosintesis auxin, pemanjangan sel dan ruas batang. Ketersediaan Zn menurun dengan naiknya p. H, pengapuran yang berlebihan sering menyebabkan ketersediaaan Zn menurun. Tanah yang mempunyai p. H tinggi sering menunjukkan adanya gejala defisiensi Zn, terytama pada tanah berkapur. Adapun gejala defisiensi Zn antara lain : tanaman kerdil, ruas- ruas batang memendek, daun mengecil dan mengumpul (resetting) dan klorosis pada daun- daun muda dan intermedier serta adanya nekrosis. D. Tembaga (Cu)Tembaga (Cu) diserap dalam bentuk ion Cu++ dan mungkin dapat diserap dalam bentuk senyaewa kompleks organik, misalnya Cu- EDTA (Cu- ethilen diamine tetra acetate acid) dan Cu- DTPA (Cu diethilen triamine penta acetate acid). Dalam getah tanaman bik dalam xylem maupun floem hampir semua Cu membentuk kompleks senyawa dengan asam amino. Cu dalam akar tanaman dan dalam xylem > 9. Dalam tanah, Cu berbentuk senyawa dengan S, O, CO3 dan Si. O4 misalnya kalkosit (Cu. S), kovelit (Cu. S), kalkopirit (Cu. Fe. S2), borinit (Cu. Fe. S4), luvigit (Cu. As. S4), tetrahidrit . Senyawa ini mempunyai berat molekul sekitar 1. Cu. Hara mikro Cu berpengaruh pafda klorofil, karotenoid, plastokuinon dan plastosianin. Fungsi dan peranan Cu antara lain : mengaktifkan enzim sitokrom- oksidase, askorbit- oksidase, asam butirat- fenolase dan laktase. Berperan dalam metabolisme protein dan karbohidrat, berperan terhadap perkembangan tanaman generatif, berperan terhadap fiksasi N secara simbiotis dan penyusunan lignin. Adapun gejala defisiensi / kekurangan Cu antara lain : pembungaan dan pembuahan terganggu, warna daun muda kuning dan kerdil, daun- daun lemah, layu dan pucuk mongering serta batang dan tangkai daun lemah. E. Molibden (Mo)Molibden diserap dalam bentuk ion Mo. O4- . Variasi antara titik kritik dengan toksis relatif besar. Bila tanaman terlalu tinggi, selain toksis bagi tanaman juga berbahaya bagi hewan yang memakannya. Hal ini agak berbeda dengan sifat hara mikro yang lain. Pada daun kapas, kadar Mo sering sekitar 1. Umumnya tanah mineral cukup mengandung Mo. Mineral lempung yang terdapat di dalam tanah antara lain molibderit (Mo. S), powellit (Ca. Mo)3. 8. H2. O. Molibdenum (Mo) dalam larutan sebagai kation ataupun anion. Pada tanah gambut atau tanah organik sering terlihat adanya gejala defisiensi Mo. Walaupun demikian dengan senyawa organik Mo membentuk senyawa khelat yang melindungi Mo dari pencucian air. Tanah yang disawahkan menyebabkan kenaikan ketersediaan Mo dalam tanah. Hal ini disebabkan karena dilepaskannya Mo dari ikatan Fe (III) oksida menjadi Fe (II) oksida hidrat. Fungsi Mo dalam tanaman adalah mengaktifkan enzim nitrogenase, nitrat reduktase dan xantine oksidase. Gejala yang timbul karena kekurangan Mo hampir menyerupai kekurangan N. Kekurangan Mo dapat menghambat pertumbuhan tanaman, daun menjadi pucat dan mati dan pembentukan bunga terlambat. Gejala defisiensi Mo dimulai dari daun tengah dan daun bawah. Daun menjadi kering kelayuan, tepi daun menggulung dan daun umumnya sempit. Bila defisiensi berat, maka lamina hanya terbentuk sedikit sehingga kelihatan tulang- tulang daun lebih dominan. F. Boron (B)Boron dalam tanah terutama sebagai asam borat (H2. BO3) dan kadarnya berkisar antara 7- 8. Boron dalam tanah umumnya berupa ion borat hidrat B(OH)4- . Boron yang tersedia untuk tanaman hanya sekitar 5%dari kadar total boron dalam tanah. Boron ditransportasikan dari larutan tanah ke akar tanaman melalui proses aliran masa dan difusi. Selain itu, boron sering terdapat dalam bentuk senyawa organik. Boron juga banyak terjerap dalam kisi mineral lempung melalui proses substitusi isomorfik dengan Al. Si. 4+. Mineral dalam tanah yang mengandung boron antara lain turmalin (H2. Mg. Na. Al. 3(BO)2. Si. 4O2)O2. 0 yang mengandung 3%- 4% boron. Empire Earth Game File Size:317.4 MB System Requirements! 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